In recent years, theories and methods have gained ground that look at the intersection of nature, culture and society from a by and large materialistic perspective – examples range from neurohistory to Big and Deep History, from the analysis of material flows and enviro-technical regimes to climate history. While there are significant differences between these approaches, their common denominator is the conviction that „matter matters“. In this course, we will discuss and test a variety of different theoretical and conceptual approaches by applying them to distinct case studies of the American past.